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Knowledge: Green Apple (Malus)

Green Apple(Malus)

 

Green apple is an apple cultivar that originated in Australia in 1868. Green apples were first cultivated by an Australian woman named Maria Smith; hence they are also known as Granny Smith apples. The tree is thought to be a hybrid of Malus sylvestris, the European wild apple, with the domesticated apple Malus domestica. The fruit is hard, firm with a light green skin, crisp and juicy flesh. The flavour is tart and acidic.

Green apples are lower in calories and carbs. Green apples contain more protein, fiber, potassium and iron than red apples. Green apple contains a significant amount of polyphenols from the flavonoid and phenolic acid family. Procyanidins are a class of polyphenols found in green apple.

Procyanidin

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HEALTH BENEFITS

1. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant

Study showed that consumption of Granny Smith apple extract (GSAE) was found to be beneficial in lowering the inflammatory condition of L-arginine-induced Acute pancreatitis (AP) in rats. Serum levels of amylase and lipase were significantly reduced in L-arginine-treated rats when compared to disease control group. Similar results were also observed with tissue inflammatory markers such as malondialdehyde, nitrate, C-reactive protein, Myeloperoxidase, and Lactate dehydrogenase. There was a significant increase in the overall antioxidant enzyme levels when compared with disease control rats

2. Antimicrobial Effect

Study showed that extracts from Granny Smith apples possess higher antimicrobial activity against the selected microbes than those from Royal Gala. This effect might be contributed by high phenolic content in Granny Smith extract.

Table 1: Effect of the apple skin extracts from Royal Gala and Granny Smith varieties against bacterial pathogens.

Table 1: Effect of the apple skin extracts from Royal Gala and Granny Smith varieties against bacterial pathogens.

Promote Digestive Health

Green apples contain pectin, a fiber source that works as prebiotic to promote the growth of healthy bacteria in the gut and help to break down foods more efficiently. Fiber is shown to stimulate the digestive system, helping with both constipation and diarrhea.

Weight Management

Green apples are low in calories and high in dietary fibre, which is helpful for weight control.

Usages:

  • Food and beverage
  • Ingredient in health supplement

Reference

  1. Granny Smith Apple Extract Lowers Inflammation and Improves Antioxidant Status in L-arginine-induced Exocrine Pancreatic Dysfunction in RatsDOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.92145
  2. Antimicrobial effect of polyphenols from apple skins on human bacterial pathogensDOI: 10.4067/S0717-34582006000300006